ANALYTICAL REVIEW OF MODELING METHODS OF SOIL PROCESSING MECHANISMS

Abstract

The article discusses the general principles of development of tillage tools. It is shown that all stages of development and design of machines as a whole represent a consistent system of model studies.
The possibilities of each type of modeling were analyzed, including in the case of joint use. Reasonable prospect of involvement in the process of development of bionics and physical modeling methods. A necessary condition for the functioning of both models is the presence of an adequate mathematical model of interaction with the soil. In the case of bionic research, the mathematical model allows for adaptation to the soil environment, in the case of physical research, it is possible to determine rational similarity criteria. The theory of internal stress is used as the basis of analytical studies, which in turn is synthesized on the basis of analog and simulation modeling of the soil environment. The possibility of involving basic applied models of agricultural mechanics as a basis for research is analyzed.
For analytical studies of tools under development, it is advisable to separate and consider the cutting perimeter and working surfaces separately in the working body, regardless of the type of model studies. As an example, the work presents variants of the arrowhead of the cultivator, the design of which is based on various types of modeling.
It should be noted that none of the models allows to obtain the predicted qualitative indicators of crumbling and loosening. However, the degree of crushing can be indirectly estimated through the volume of the chipped prism and the amount of traction resistance.
The results of experimental studies are presented. If all methodological requirements are met, it is possible to achieve convergence of research results within 10-15%.