ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ЕНЕРГОЄМНОСТІ ПРОЦЕСУ ОЧИЩЕННЯ ЗЕРНА НА ЗЕРНООЧИСНИХ МАШИНАХ

М. В. Постнікова; В. О. Петров

М. В. Постнікова Таврійський державний агротехнологічний університет
В. О. Петров Таврійський державний агротехнологічний університет

Ключові слова: енергозбереження, енергоємність, зерноочисна машина, раціональне використання електроенергії, електропривод, енергетична характеристика., energy saving, energy intensity, grain cleaning machine, rational use of electric power, electric drive, power supply.

Анотація

Анотація – дослідження в технологічних процесах очищення та зберігання зернових культур енергетичного фактора та параметрів, які його визначають, представляє проблему, яка має важливе народногосподарське значення. Для розрахунку енергоємності процесу очищення зерна запропонована питома техноло-гічна витрата електроенергії у кВт·год./т. Цей показник варто вважати найбільш об'єктивним критерієм економічної роботи потокової лінії очищення та зберігання зерна.Вперше отримано рівняння енергетичної характеристики зерноочисних машин з урахуванням їх конструктивних особливостей, культури зерна, вологості і засміченості.

STUDY OF CLEANING ENERGY CONTENT OF GRAIN
ON GRAIN CLEANING MACHINE

Studies in the technological processes of cleaning and storing grain crops of the energy factor and the parameters that determine it represent a problem that is important for the national economy. It is established that the waste-wasting of electric energy in technological processes of cleaning and storage of grain per unit of production is 2-3 times higher than similar expenses in the developed countries. To calculate the energy intensity of the grain cleaning process, the specific technological consumption of electricity in kWh/t is proposed. This indicator should be considered the most objective criterion of the economic operation of the flow line of grain cleaning and storage. For the first time the equation of energy characterization of grain cleaning machines was obtained taking into account their structural features, grain culture, humidity and litter.

Studies in the technological processes of cleaning and storing grain crops of the energy factor and the parameters that determine it represent a problem that is important for the national economy. It is known that 1 unit of saved energy can save at least 5 units of primary energy resources.

It is established that the cost of electric energy in technological processes of cleaning and storage of grain per unit of production is 2-3 times higher than the analogical costs in the developed countries.

To calculate the energy intensity of the grain purification process, the proposed technological cost of electricity in kWh/t, which is a waste of electricity for the purpose of cleaning 1 ton of grain per hour, is proposed. This time-out should be considered the most objective criterion of economic activity of the flow-line of purification and storage of grain.

It was investigated that the average productivity of grain cleaning machines with a grain moisture increase of 1% is reduced by 0,5 t/h. It has been established that with an increase in the grain litter by 1%, the energy intensity increases by an average of 0,1 kWh/t as a result of lowering the productivity of the grain cleaning machine. It was investigated that with an increase in the moisture content of grain by 1%, the energy intensity is increased by an average of 0,2 kWh/t.For the first time the equation of the energy characteristics of grain cleaning machines was obtained taking into account their structural features, grain culture, moisture and litter.

The carried out researches have practical value, as they are the basis for development of scientifically-based norms of electric consumption of technological process of grain cleaning. This will save 8-10% of electricity.