RATIONAL SCHEMES OF POTATO PLANTING UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF CLIMATE CHANGE

Abstract

The purpose of the work is to establish rational potato planting schemes to increase its yield and economic efficiency of production. Experimental studies of potato planting schemes with different row spacings with subsequent processing of the results on a personal computer. A review and analysis of studies on growing potatoes with different row widths was conducted. According to the results of the analysis, the cultivation of potatoes with wide rows in combination with an increase in the area of plant nutrition improves water consumption conditions, increases the efficiency of the use of mechanization for technological plant care operations, and significantly reduces the cost of planting material and mineral fertilizers with a local method of their application. Wider row spacing allows the tubers to form better and also reduces the risk of disease. Increasing the width of the rows leads to denser planting of planting material in the row and is associated with the need to form a large ridge for the normal development of potato tubers. Wider row spacing allows tubers to form better. A large ridge will protect potato tubers from overheating, which is associated with climate changes. The results of experimental studies of various potato planting schemes with row spacings of 70 cm, 60 + 80 cm, 90 cm, 110 + 70 cm, and 140 cm with the use of class 1.4; 2 tractors for inter-row cultivation are presented. Cultivation of potatoes with wide row spacings in combination with an increase in the area of plant nutrition improves water consumption conditions, increases the efficiency of the use of mechanization during the technological operations of plant care, and significantly reduces the costs of planting material and mineral fertilizers with the local method of their introduction, and as a result increases yield and quality of potato tubers improves. A promising direction is the cultivation of potatoes according to the 60 + 80 cm planting pattern, while the influence of the running systems of machine-tractor units during plant care is reduced and the yield is increased by 16.38 t/ha compared to cultivation with a row width of 70 cm.