PROBLEMS OF HARMONIZATION OF INTERNATIONAL, INTERSTATE AND NATIONAL STANDARDS OF UKRAINE DURING DESIGN DOCUMENTATION IN SOLIDWORKS

Abstract

The article examines the current state of affairs in Ukraine in the field of standardization in relation to design documentation. The issue of designing drawings in the SolidWorks environment is considered. The national standards of Ukraine, interstate standards and international standards regarding design documentation have been analyzed. It was established that the majority of national standards of Ukraine are identical translations of international standards and are valid on alternative rights with interstate standards of the Unified Design Documentation System. It was found that the adoption of national standards based on the translation of international standards can often lead to disagreements in the matter of compliance with norms and requirements during the preparation of technical drawings. As a result of the simultaneous effect of alternative standards, the principle of reversibility, the requirement of which is established by DSTU 1.7:2015, is violated. As a result of the loss of validity of certain interstate standards, according to the authors, it often leads to negative consequences in terms of practical convenience and efficiency in the work of engineers during the design of drawings of parts and assembly units. The authors analyzed educational and methodical literature on engineering graphics, design of technical drawings, which made it possible to identify shortcomings in terms of methodical presentation of the material, namely: in some editions there are references to invalid regulatory documents, although they expired long before the publication of the educational edition; in separate educational and methodological works, if there are references to current standards, then the norms and requirements in the text of the textbook or manual do not always correspond to the standards to which the reference is made. The method of execution of drawings and specifications in the SolidWorks automated design system was analyzed. It was found that, despite the availability of drawing templates in accordance with ISO and GOST, the principles of design drawings of parts, assembly units and specifications do not meet these standards. Therefore, in order to increase the efficiency of work during design documentation in SolidWorks, the authors recommend users to create their own drawing templates in accordance with national, interstate or international standards.